Actuary
Also called: actuarial science, actuarial valuation
An actuary applies statistics and finance to price and reserve for uncertain future events — deaths, claims, pension liabilities. It's one of the oldest quantitative professions and among the most heavily examined, typically taking six to ten years of exams to qualify. Their central output is a reserve: the amount that must be held today so that future obligations, whose timing and size are unknown, can still be met.