CFA
Also called: Chartered Financial Analyst, CFA charter, CFA Level 1
The CFA is the main global credential for investment analysis and portfolio management: three exams, each typically requiring 300+ hours of study, plus four years of relevant experience. Historical pass rates in the 35–50% range mean most candidates fail at least one level. It's most valued in asset management and research, and least useful as a substitute for the experience employers actually hire on.
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